Manuel II Palaeologus in Paris (1400-1402): Theology, Diplomacy, and Politics
Charalambos Dendrinos
Greeks, Latins, and Intellectual History 1204-1500: Bibliotheca 11 (2011)
Abstract
The end of the fourteenth century found the Byzantine Empire in a critical state. With the advance of the Ottoman forces and the defeat of the Christian coalition headed by King Sigismund of Hungary (1387-1437) at Nicopolis in September 1396, and the failure of plans for a new expedition the following year, which coincided with the long siege of Constantinople by Sultan Bayezid I (1394-1403), Emperor Manuel II Palaeologus (1391-1425) intensified his diplomatic approaches to the West. Eager to proceed with the union of the Churches, the Roman Pope Boniface IX (1389-1404) responded to Manuel’s pleas for help, by issuing a bull on 1 April 1398 appealing to the Christian sovereigns to provide military aid. As a result, a The end of the fourteenth century found the Byzantine Empire in a critical state.
With the advance of the Ottoman forces and the defeat of the Christian coalition headed by King Sigismund of Hungary (1387-1437) at Nicopolis in September 1396, and the failure of plans for a new expedition the following year, which coincided with the long siege of Constantinople by Sultan Bayezid I (1394-1403), Emperor Manuel II Palaeologus (1391-1425) intensified his diplomatic approaches to the West. Eager to proceed with the union of the Churches, the Roman Pope Boniface IX (1389-1404) responded to Manuel’s pleas for help, by issuing a bull on 1 April 1398 appealing to the Christian sovereigns to provide military aid.
Charalambos Dendrinos
Greeks, Latins, and Intellectual History 1204-1500: Bibliotheca 11 (2011)
Abstract
The end of the fourteenth century found the Byzantine Empire in a critical state. With the advance of the Ottoman forces and the defeat of the Christian coalition headed by King Sigismund of Hungary (1387-1437) at Nicopolis in September 1396, and the failure of plans for a new expedition the following year, which coincided with the long siege of Constantinople by Sultan Bayezid I (1394-1403), Emperor Manuel II Palaeologus (1391-1425) intensified his diplomatic approaches to the West. Eager to proceed with the union of the Churches, the Roman Pope Boniface IX (1389-1404) responded to Manuel’s pleas for help, by issuing a bull on 1 April 1398 appealing to the Christian sovereigns to provide military aid. As a result, a The end of the fourteenth century found the Byzantine Empire in a critical state.
With the advance of the Ottoman forces and the defeat of the Christian coalition headed by King Sigismund of Hungary (1387-1437) at Nicopolis in September 1396, and the failure of plans for a new expedition the following year, which coincided with the long siege of Constantinople by Sultan Bayezid I (1394-1403), Emperor Manuel II Palaeologus (1391-1425) intensified his diplomatic approaches to the West. Eager to proceed with the union of the Churches, the Roman Pope Boniface IX (1389-1404) responded to Manuel’s pleas for help, by issuing a bull on 1 April 1398 appealing to the Christian sovereigns to provide military aid.
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