The Impact of Holy Land Crusades on State Formation: War Mobilization, Trade Integration and Political Development in Medieval Europe

Map of the Crusades from The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 1862 edition, by Edward Gibbon

This paper argues that crusader mobilization had important implications for European state formation.

Medievalism and Exoticism in the Music of Dead Can Dance

dead can dance medievalism

In 1991, the alternative rock band Dead Can Dance released an album that caught the attention of music reviewers by constructing an aural allegiance to the Middle Ages.

Writing History in a Paperless World: Archives of the Future

Photo by Thomas Hawk / Flickr

The question I want to pose here concerns the form of archives that will be available to the historians of the early twenty-first century. Or put differently – what will be left behind of the contemporary present in lieu of paper for the future historians?

Of Wilderness, Forest, and Garden: An Eco-Theory of Genre in Middle English Literature

British Library : Cotton Nero A.x f. 129v

I posit that the components of the environment play a role in the deployment of the narrative by shaping the characters and influencing the action.

Europe’s Many Worlds and Their Global Interconnections

Map of Europe by Vincenzo Coronelli c 1690

First, I will discuss the three Europes of the Middle Ages: the tri-continental Mediterranean-centred World, the Northern World originating in Scandinavia, and the intermediate Europe north of the Alpine mountains and south of the Baltic Sea.

Social Roles and Status of Women in a Norfolk small market Town Heacham 1276-1324

St.Mary's Church in Heachem - photo by Gary Troughton / Flickr

The objective of this paper is to measure the involvement of women in the Heacham local food and drink market and to assess the social differentiation among these working women mentioned in the 43 leet courts (1276-1324 ca.)

Eastward Voyages And the Late Medieval European Worldview

A page from Il Milione, from a manuscript believed to date between 1298–1299

This thesis treats the journeys as medieval Europe’s interaction with Asia, outlining how travellers formed their perceptions of ‘the East’ through their encounters with Asian people and places.

The Religious Reuse of Roman Structures in Anglo-Saxon England

St Cuthbert's Church in Bewcastle, which lies within a hexagonal Roman fort - photo by Doug Sim / Wikimedia Commons

The study examines burials associated with Roman structures, and churches on or near Roman buildings, to demonstrate that the physical remains of Roman structures had a significant impact on the religious landscape of Anglo-Saxon England despite the apparent discontinuity between many Roman and early-medieval landscapes.

Inventing Livonia: The Name and Fame of a New Christian Colony on the Medieval Baltic Frontier

769px-LIVONIA_vulgo_Lyefland-Joan_Blaeu,_1662

The thirteenth century witnessed the emergence of a new region – Livonia – on the mental map of Latin Christendom.

How to make swords talk: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding medieval swords and their inscriptions

Cawood sword -Sword with curved medieval-style guard and lobed Viking-style pommel. Inscribed on both sides of the blade. Image courtesy of York Museums Trust

In the present article we want to explain in detail the methods we used for the documentation and interpretation of medieval swords and their inscriptions.

The Mysterious Case of the Ghost Who Wasn’t There

Byland Abbey depicted in Antiquities of Great Britain: illustrated in views of monasteries, castles, and churches, now existing (1807)

Sometime around 1400, an anonymous monk of Byland Abbey recorded one of the strangest moments in supernatural history: the story of a ghost that wasn’t there.

The Two Wives of Robert II, King of Scotland

The seal of Robert II, King of Scotland.

Robert II, King of Scots and grandson of Robert the Bruce was a handsome, charming man who had many descendants. He not only had two wives who had numerous children but many mistresses who had babies as well.

Historical Re-enactments: The Production and Design of Viking Festival Experiences

Viking and Slavic Festival in Volin - photo by Jakub T. Jankiewicz / Flickr

The main idea behind this study is to look into Viking festivals’ contents, characteristics and its concept development. Together with that we test out the Experience design model effectiveness for using in the event studies. I

From Raiders to Traders: The Viking-Arab Trade Exchange

Viking-Age silver coins discovered in Scandinavia - photo by Leroy Andersen / Flickr

In their quest for silver, the Vikings discovered and accessed valuable trade routes to Constantinople that led to an extensive trade exchange with the Arab world. Seizing upon the opportunity to enrich themselves, the Vikings came into contact with Arabic wealth and treasures through their raids, and soon realized the potential of a peaceful trade exchange.

From the Middle Ages to Modernity: The Intersecting Supernatural Worlds of Melusine and Today’s Popular Culture

(Illustration to folio CXLI of L'Histoire de la Belle Mélusine published by Steinschaber in 1478 , depicting the scene of Remondin’s discovery of his wife’s animal-human hybrid form. The wall has been removed so that the reader, who knows she takes this form once a week, may see what is going on inside. Note that Mélusine is dressed as a noble lady and clearly has both human and animal body parts.)

This work contains many elements common to supernatural tales of its time-shape-shifting, magic fountains and marriages between humans and fairies – yet it is also surprisingly relevant to our own age, whose popular culture is saturated with modem myths and vampire love-stories.

For the Knyʒhtys tabylle and for the Kyngges tabylle: An Edition of the Fifteenth-Century Middle English Cookery Recipes in London, British Library’s MS Sloane 442

Medieval Cooking - A cook at the stove with his trademark ladle; woodcut illustration from Kuchenmaistrey, the first printed cookbook in German, woodcut, 1485

The present thesis offers an edition of some fifteenth century Middle English cookery recipes, more specifically those of the Sloane 442 manuscript (MS Sloane 442), located at the British Library, London. The cookery recipes of this collection were most likely meant for the tables of the upper classes

Deviants, Donestre, and Debauchees: Here be Monsters

The earliest surviving illustration of a donestre consuming an unwary traveller. British Library MS Cotton Vitellius A.XV, fol. 103v (detail), late 10th or early 11th century

The donestre, a mediaeval race of lion-headed polyglots with a taste for human flesh, demonstrate an ancient form of monstrous transgression by their corporeal violation of both social and natural law.

The Use of the Lead and Line by Early Navigators in the North Sea?

Viking ship depicted in Nordische Fahrten. Skizzen  und Studien (1889)

This paper draws attention to the lack of information as to how early North Sea sailors navigated, particularly during the one thousand year period that followed Roman times.

Between A Rock And A Hot Place: The Role Of Subjectivity In The Medieval Ordeal By Hot Iron

12th century depiction of an ordeal by hot iron

This article discusses various forms of ordeals, such as the ordeal of hot iron, and analyzes whether, and to what extent, these ordeals could have served as ‘rational’ forms of adjudication during the period.

Guns in Scotland: the manufacture and use of guns and their influence on warfare from the fourteenth century to c.1625

Detail from a contemporary drawing of Edinburgh Castle under siege in 1573, showing it surrounded by attacking batteries

Guns first came into use in Western Europe in the fourteenth century and the Scots were using them by the 1380s.

Ponderous, Cruel and Mortal: A Review of Medieval Poleaxe Technique from Surviving Treatises of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries

Pollaxe combat depicted in the Fiore Furlan dei Liberi da Premariacco, circa 1410

There is no weapon more evocative of the brute force in violence both public and private, a weapon that seems to be perhaps epitomize and even enshrine violence on a grand scale.

‘Pirates, robbers and other malefactors’: The role played by violence at sea in relations between England and the Hanse towns, 1385 – 1420

The summary execution of Störtebeker, 1401; woodcut by Nicolaus Sauer from 1701

This thesis will argue that the impact of specific phenomena, particularly the activities of the Vitalienbrüder, on Anglo-Hanseatic relations has been not only neglected but misunderstood, and that attention to English sources can help flesh out our understanding of the Vitalienbrüder’s history.

National-Ethnic Narratives in Eleventh-Century Literary Representations of Cnut

Matthew Paris's (early 13th-century) impression of the Battle of Assandun, depicting Edmund Ironside (left) and Cnut (right)

This article takes literary representations of Cnut, the Danish conqueror of England, as a case study of the construction of English identity in the eleventh century.

The Heloise of History

Raymond Monvoisin depiction of Heloise in the 19th century

This thesis seeks to determine the historical role of the twelfth-century abbess Heloise, apart from the frequently cited and disputed letters exchanged between her and Peter Abelard.

Bras in the 15th Century? A Preliminary Report

medieval lingerie - photo courtesy University of Innsbruck

Four linen textiles resemble modern time bras. The criterion for this classification is the presence of distinctly cut cups. The two more fragmented specimens appear to be a combination of a bra and a modern dirndl blouse.

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