The Process of State-Formation in Medieval Iceland

Medieval Iceland

The aim of this article is to analyze the process of state-formation in Iceland in light of some general models of state-formation in Europe in the Middle Ages.

All the King’s Men: Icelandic Skalds at Scandinavian Court

Rígsþula An illustration to Rígsþula. The list of illustrations in the front matter of the book gives this one the title Rig in Great-grandfather's Cottage.

Spanning the gap between Iceland and mainland Scandinavia and sitting somewhere between freemen and nobility on the social scale were Icelandic court skalds, who frequented courts on the mainland throughout the Viking Age.

Accepting Fools as Heroes

comic tales iceland

What sociocultural attitudes towards the intellectually disabled – commonly referred to as fools – were prevalent during the Viking Age?

Enter the Dragon: Legendary Saga Courage and the Birth of the Hero

What did Dragons look like for the Vikings?

What is the dragon to Sigurðr? His attitude is interestingly nonchalant. The question arises, Who is Sigurðr the dragon-slayer? Why is he the best person to kill the dragon? And furthermore, why is the dragon important to the hero?

Textual Efflorescence and Social Resources: Notes on Mediaeval Iceland

Iceland by Gerhard Mercator

The overt double function of culture traits and products, namely instrumental- ity and symbolicity, which may be explicit in some elements, often remains hidden for other ones.

Gunnhildur and the male whores

Icelandic Saga

Queen Gunnhildur is one of the most evil Norwegian female characters in the Middle Ages. She appears in many old stories where she is usually the female agent for ill in the sagas; she is wicked, promiscuous and very often skilled in magical arts.

The Colors of the Rainbow in Snorri’s Edda

Edda

In the second part of his Edda, the Gylfaginning, Snorri Sturluson gives a systematic account of Norse mythology from the creation of the world to its end.

Sagas and politics in 13th century Borgarfjörður

Iceland - sagas

Why did the Icelanders write so much more than almost everybody else in the Middle Ages? This is an old problem that has still not been solved to everyone’s satisfaction.

Laxdæla Dreaming: A Saga Heroine Invents Her Own Life

Illustration to Laxdœla saga, chapter 55. Guðrún Ósvífrsdóttir smiles as Helgi Harðbeinsson wipes his spear clean on her garment. Helgi has killed Bolli, Guðrún's husband, with the spear.

As palpably true as the interpretation is, even before the truth of Gestr’s fourfold prophecy is confirmed by what follows, this dream narrative is not merely a symbolic illustration of the future. It raises many other questions, and in this paper I will discuss some of the ambiguities of GuQrun Osvifrsdottir and her four dreams.

The Inner Exiles: Outlaws and Scapegoating Process in Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar and Gísla saga Súrssonar

220px-Gísla_saga_Illustration_3_-_Thorgrim's_Slaying

Was Icelandic outlawry exceptional? The legal and historical aspect of Icelandic outlawry has been widely studied and commented by scholars (Spoelstra, 1938), either by following indications from the Grágás or through the use of literary examples spread in the sagas.

Orkneyinga saga : A Work in Progress?

orkneyinga-saga-hermann-palsson-paperback-cover-art

The reconstituted text conventionally known as Orkneyinga saga has many points of interest for Old Icelandic literary history, in addition to any intrinsic literary qualities, and its interest as a source for the history and culture of Scandinavian Scotland.

Hawkers, beggars, assassins and tramps : Fringe characters in the Íslendinga sögur

Baldr - from the 18th century Icelandic manuscript SÁM 66 in the care of the Árni Magnússon Institute in Iceland

The paper will identify a number of different types of vagrants portrayed in the sagas and their varying roles within saga plots.

Why Care about Later Folklore in Old Norse Studies?

Bárður Snæfellsás, created by Ragnar Kjartansson

It is not unusual that folklore data can be demonstrated, with high probability, to reflect ancient times, for reasons like those mentioned in the Bárðar saga example, or other reasons – as many of us know.

Can Statistics show if the Icelandic Sagas were true?

From Njáls saga: Aasgrim follows Snorri Goði to his booth. Illustration from "Vore fædres liv" : karakterer og skildringer fra sagatiden / samlet og udggivet af Nordahl Rolfsen ; oversættelsen ved Gerhard Gran., Kristiania: Stenersen, 1898.

The Icelandic sagas of the Norse people are thousand-year-old chronicles of brave deeds and timeless romances, but how true to Viking life were they?

On the windy edge of nothing: Vikings in the North Atlantic World

Greenland_Map_17th_century

With a focus upon the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland, Kevin Edwards will present a select narrative of past and recent writings, archaeological enquiry and scientific research concerning the Norse settlement of the North Atlantic.

Viking Archaeology, Sagas, and Interdisciplinary Research in Iceland’s Mosfell Valley

Iceland by Gerhard Mercator

At this time, we are researching and excavating fourteen sites throughout the valley. These excavations are providing a detailed picture of Viking Age life in Iceland and in the North Atlantic.

Food and the North-Icelandic Identity in 13th century Iceland and Norway

Images of the North: Histories – Identities – Ideas

Now food is becoming globalized, but we still recall how food could be used to construct a national identity, with the aid of the institutions of the national state.

Tooth-tool Use and Yarn Production in Norse Greenland

Skeleton Greenland

During a dental study of medieval Norse skeletons from Greenland, Iceland, and Norway, a distinct pattern of wear was observed on twenty-two anterior teeth of twelve Greenlanders.

The Icelandic Althing: Dawn of Parliamentary Democracy

map of iceland

It is an old idea, and one that reaches as far back as the nineteenth century, that Viking Age Iceland was democratic and much like an early republic

Sex, lies and the Íslendinga sögur

From Njáls saga: Gunnar Hámundarson meets Hallgerðr for the first time at Alþingi - 19th century image

Sex, lies and the Íslendinga sögur By Damian Fleming Sagas and Society, No.6 (2004) Abstract: Past scholars used to look upon the Icelandic family sagas as ideal witnesses to pre-Christian Germanic customs and morality. The sagas were believed to contain unbiased accounts of how men conducted their lives nobly and simply before the conversion to […]

Why skaldic verse? Fashion and cultural politics in thirteenth-century Iceland

Detail of a miniature from a 13th-century Icelandic manuscript.

In this paper I intend to address this question through the poetic evidence of the sagas of Icelanders, analyzing two sagas which were written in the west of Iceland in the middle of thirteenth century.

Nancy Marie Brown: The Song of the Vikings, Snorri and the Making of Norse Myths

Nancy Marie Brown

Nancy Marie Brown gives a talk about her recent book The Song of Vikings, Snorri and the Making of Norse Myths

Seasonal Setting and the Human Domain in Early English and Early Scandinavian Literature

King Haraldr hárfagri receives the kingdom out of his father's hands. From the 14th century Icelandic manuscript Flateyjarbók, now in the care of the Árni Magnússon Institute in Iceland.

Seasonal Setting and the Human Domain in Early English and Early Scandinavian Literature Paul Sander Langeslag University of Toronto: Doctor of Philosophy, Centre for Medieval Studies (2012) Abstract The contrast between the familiar social space and the world beyond has been widely recognised as an organising principle in medieval literature, in which the natural and the […]

Charity On The Fringes Of The Medieval World

Excavation site of Skiðklaustur in Iceland from the fifteenth century. Photo by Christian Bickel

This is a study on the space and place of medieval monastic charity as represented by the infirmary that was in operation at Skriðuklaustur, a late medieval Augustinian monastery (1493- 1554), located in eastern Iceland.

Taming the Shrew: The Rise of Patriarchy and the Subordination of the Feminine in Old Norse Literature

Cold Counsel Women in Old Norse Literature and Mythology

Old Norse literature is a unique source in that it shows a connection between the oppression of women and Norse patriarchy during the phase of its establishment.

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